Survey of Criminal Justice

[WORK IN PROGRESS]

Survey of Criminal Justice is an online text being developed by the editors of IEJS as a free resource to the justice community.  The text is scheduled for completion in August 2005.  We have decided to place chapters online in their error-prone and unpolished form such that the larger justice community can provide feedback.  We welcome and encourage your comments and criticisms in these early stages.  We also welcome knowledgeable scholars to submit chapter proposals

Editorial Ideology

There are several reasons why we decided to compile an introductory text.  First, it will provide a systematic guide to the larger IEJS collection.  We intend to fully cross reference more in-depth content available on this and other sites.  Second, we perceived some problems with the current state of criminal justice textbooks.  There are many very good texts currently in print.  The problem lies in the fact that they cover such a vast amount of information that it becomes difficult to see the "big picture."  We hope that a "bare-bones" introduction to the American justice system will provide a convenient, easily grasped staring point for those embarking on a more in-depth and lengthy study.

Tentative Outline

The Chapter Titles below link to works in progress provided for feedback to the editors only.  Please do not cite them or depend on the accuracy of information contained therein.   

Chapter 1: Introduction to Criminal Justice

A.  What is Criminal Justice?

Crime
Justice

B.  Structure of the American Justice System

C.  The Justice Process

Police
Courts
Corrections

D.  The Juvenile Justice System

E.  The Role of Citizens in Criminal Justice

F.  The Role of Individual Rights

G.  Discretion

H.  Criminal Justice as a Field of Study

Chapter 2: Theoretical Foundations

A.  The Philosophical Approach

B.  The Merger of Natural Law and Christian Faith

C.  Birth of the Social Contract

D.  The Decline of Natural Law

E.  Metaphysics Revisited

F.  The Emergence of Positivism

G.  Paradigm Shift: From Natural Law to Natural Selection

Chapter 3: Modern Criminology

A.  Deterrence Theory

B.  Labeling Theory

C.  Social Disorganization Theory

D.  Anomie and Strain Theory

E.  Subculture Theories

F.  Conflict Theories

G.  Theory Integration

Chapter 4: Crime

A.  Defining Crime

B.  The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)

C.  UCR Offense Definitions

D.  The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

E.  Debunking Crime Myths

F.  National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS)

G.  Guns and Crime

Chapter 5: Criminal Law

A.  Sources of the Law

The Common Law Tradition
Constitutions
Codes
Administrative Law

B.  Characteristics of Criminal Law

Criminal v. Civil
Substantive v. Procedural

C.  Elements of Crimes

Illegal Acts
Intent
Concurrence

D.  Defenses and Justification

Insanity
Entrapment
Self-defense
Necessity

E.  The Limits of the Law

Chapter 6: Policing

A.  The Development of American Policing

Colonial America
The Professional Era
The Crises of the 1960s
The Community Era
Technology and the Future of Policing

B.  Police Functions

The Nature of Police Work
Police Systems
Police Organization
Police Strategies

C.  Problems in Policing

Brutality
Corruption
Deadly Force
Employment Discrimination

Chapter 7: Procedural Law

A.  Criminal Procedure and the Constitution

B.  The Right to Privacy

C.  Self-incrimination

D.  Punishing Police Misconduct: the Exclusionary Rule

E.  Pretrial Rights

F.  Trial Rights

G.  Post Trial Rights

Chapter 8:  The Criminal Courts

A.  State Courts

B.  Federal Courts

C.  Problems with the Courts

D.  Prosecutors

E.  Defense Attorneys

Chapter 9: Sentencing

A.  Theories of Punishment

B.  Types of Sentences

C.  Sentencing Statutes and Guidelines

D.  The Death Penalty

Chapter 10:  Community Corrections

 

Chapter 11:  Jails and Prisons

 

Chapter 12:  The Juvenile Justice System

A. Development of a Separate Juvenile System

B. Juveniles and Police

C. Juveniles and the Courts

D. Treatment and Punishment

E.  Debunking Juvenile Justice Myths

Chapter 13: Technology and Crime

A.  Computer Crime

B.  Police Technology

Chapter 14: Forensic Science

A.  Defining Forensic Science

B.  Types of Evidence

 


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